Stem cell research

Research Process

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Findings from Netherlands Cancer Institute in Breast Cancer
Reported (High-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue to
treat stage III homologous deficient breast cancer: factors
influencing clinical implementation).
Date: Jan. 26, 2023
From: Women’s Health Weekly
Publisher: NewsRX LLC
Document Type: Article
Length: 495 words

Full Text:
2023 JAN 26 (NewsRx) — By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women’s Health Weekly — Researchers detail new data in breast
cancer. According to news originating from the Netherlands Cancer Institute by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “High-dose
chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue (HDCT) is a promising treatment for patients with stage III, HER2-negative,
homologous recombination deficient (HRD) breast cancer. Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness are currently under
investigation in an international multicenter randomized controlled trial.”

Financial supporters for this research include Kwf Kankerbestrijding; Zonmw.

Our news reporters obtained a quote from the research from Netherlands Cancer Institute: “To increase the chance of successful
introduction of HDCT into daily clinical practice, we aimed to identify relevant factors for smooth implementation using an early
comprehensive assessment framework. This is a qualitative, multi-stakeholder, exploratory research using semi-structured interviews
guided by the Constructive Technology Assessment model, which evaluates the quality of a novel health technology by clinical,
economic, patient-related, and organizational factors. Stakeholders were recruited by purposeful stratified sampling and interviewed
until sufficient content saturation was reached. Two researchers independently created themes, categories, and subcategories by
following inductive coding steps, these were

Findings from Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital Advance Knowledge in
Breast Cancer (Breast Cancer with Increased Drug
Resistance, Invasion Ability, and Cancer Stem Cell Properties
through Metabolism Reprogramming).
Date: Dec. 1, 2022
From: Women’s Health Weekly
Publisher: NewsRX LLC
Document Type: Article
Length: 537 words

Full Text:
2022 DEC 1 (NewsRx) — By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women’s Health Weekly — A new study on breast cancer is now
available. According to news reporting originating from the Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital by NewsRx correspondents, research stated,
“Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and the survival rate of patients with breast cancer strongly depends on their stage and
clinicopathological features. Chemoradiation therapy is commonly employed to improve the survivability of patients with advanced
breast cancer.”

Funders for this research include Ministry of Science Technology; Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation.

The news editors obtained a quote from the research from Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital: “However, the treatment process is often
accompanied by the development of drug resistance, which eventually leads to treatment failure. Metabolism reprogramming has
been recognized as a mechanism of breast cancer resistance. In this study, we established a doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7-
D500) cell line through a series of long-term doxorubicin in vitro treatments. Our data revealed that MCF-7-D500 cells exhibited
increased multiple-drug resistance, cancer stemness, and invasiveness compared with parental cells. We analyzed the metabolic
profiles of MCF-7 and MCF-7-D500 cells through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We observed significant changes in 25
metabolites, of which, 21 exhibited increased levels (>1.5-fold change

Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research. 10(4): October- December, 2020

521

ISSN 2231-1149 (Print)

2349-2996 (Online)
DOI: 10.5958/2349-2996.2020.00113.5

Vol. 10 |Issue-04|

October – December| 2020

Available online at

www.anvpublication.org

Asian Journal of

Nursing Education and Research
Home page www.ajner.com

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Acute Graft versus Host Disease Post Allogeneic Stem Cell

Transplantation- A case report

Mrs. Abijah Princy B.1*, Mrs. Amalorpavamari Lucas2, Mrs. Jayakumari J.3
1Reader, College of Nursing, Christian Medical College, Vellore – 632 004, Tamil Nadu India.

2Professor, College of Nursing, Acting HOD, Hemato – Oncology Nursing, Christian Medical College,

Vellore – 632 004, Tamil Nadu India.
3Charge Nurse, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Christian Medical College, Vellore – 632 004,

Tamil Nadu India.

*Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT:
Allogeneic Stem cell transplantation remains the standard of care in many of the hematological disorders and

genetic disorders. Despite advances in prevention and management of acute Graft versus Host Disease(aGvHD),

it continues to be a major challenge and most common immunogenic complication post Allogeneic stem cell

transplantation accounting for early transplant related morbidity and non relapse mortality. aGvHD is an immune

triggered process, causing profound immune dysregulation and organ dysfunction. GvHD occurs when immune

cells transplanted from a non-identical donor (graft) into the recipient (host) recognize the host cells as ‘foreign’,

thereby initiating a graft-versus-host reaction. It considerably influences the overall success rate of allogeneic

stem cell transplantation imposing a major impact in the quality of life among transplant survivors. Therefore, it

is crucial to understand the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management of this acute complication in

order to improve clinical outcomes and to foster wholistic nursing care for patients undergoing allogeneic stem

cell transplantation.

KEYWORDS: aGvHD, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation

INTRODUCTION:
The only curative therapy for many of the hematological

disorders as well as immune deficiency disorders, inborn

errors of metabolism, genetic disorders and some of the

solid tumors is allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Despite advances in HLA typing, GvHD intensive

prophylaxis and post transplant immunosuppressive

CH
AD

E
D

W
AR

D
S

STEP ONE
Patient’s own cells
are collected
with a skin biopsy.

STEP TWO
Harvested
skin cells are
reprogrammed
into stem cells,
which are then
“guided” to act
like neurons.

STEP THREE
MRI imaging
directs
injection.

STEP FOUR
Reprogrammed
cells are injected
into the brain.

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 202 1 . D ISCOVER 49THE BODY

Researchers test more therapies with novel techniques for a range of diseases.
BY KENNETH MILLER

FOR MORE THAN TWO
decades, experts have
prophesied that stem cells
will someday revolutionize

medicine.
While adult stem cells have long been

used to treat a handful of blood and
immune disorders, the excitement has
centered on two more versatile variet-
ies: embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and
induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs),
both of which can be transformed into
any cell type in the body. Google “the
promise of stem cells,” and you’ll get at
least 200,000 hits, involving ailments
ranging from diabetes to neurodegener-
ative disorders. So far, however, no one
has managed to translate that potential
into a practical therapy.

In 2020, a string of breakthroughs
suggested that the revolution may
finally be near. The most dramatic news
came in May, when the New England
Journal of Medicine published the first
case report from a study using custom-
grown stem cells to treat Parkinson’s
disease in humans. The debilitating
condition, which affects 10 million
people worldwide, primarily results
from the loss of neurons that produce
the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Existing treatments have had limited
success. Stem cell researchers aim to
replace dying neurons with healthy ones
grown in the lab — and the NEJM paper
was the clearest sign yet that such efforts
could pay off.

The authors — led by neurosurgeon
Jeffrey Schweitzer at Massachusetts
General Hospital and neurobiologist
Kwang-Soo Kim at McLean Hospital
— used what are known as autologous
iPSCs. These are stem cells generated

from the recipient’s own mature cells,
which greatly reduces the likelihood
that immunosuppressants will be
needed to prevent rejection. The team
collected skin cells from a 69-year-old
man and reprogrammed them into
iPSCs. They then guided the stem
cells to take on the characteristics of
dopaminergic neurons, which they
implanted into the patient’s putamen, a
brain region implicated in Parkinson’s.
Over a 24-month period, PET scans
showed evidence that the new cells were
functional. The man’s motor symptoms
and quality-of-life scores improved,
while his daily medication requirement
decreased. He experienced no side
effects or complications.

“This represents a milestone in
‘personalized medicine’ for Parkinson’s,”
Kim wrote in a statement. It also
represented a milestone for the pa

Study Findings from National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Provide New Insights into Stem Cell Research (Facs-isolation
and Culture of Fibro-adipogenic Progenitors and Muscle Stem
Cells From Unperturbed and Injured Mouse Skeletal Muscle).
Date: Feb. 6, 2023
From: Stem Cell Week
Publisher: NewsRX LLC
Document Type: Article
Length: 486 words

Full Text:
2023 FEB 6 (NewsRx) — By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Stem Cell Week — Researchers detail new data in Stem Cell
Research. According to news originating from Bethesda, Maryland, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “Fibro-adipogenic
progenitor cells (FAPs) are a population of skeletal muscle-resident mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) capable of differentiating
along fibrogenic, adipogenic, osteogenic, or chondrogenic lineage. Together with muscle stem cells (MuSCs), FAPs play a critical
role in muscle homeostasis, repair, and regeneration, while actively maintaining and remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM).”

Financial support for this research came from National Institutes of Health (NIH) – USA.

Our news journalists obtained a quote from the research from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), “In pathological conditions, such
as chronic damage and muscular dystrophies, FAPs undergo aberrant activation and differentiate into collagen-producing fibroblasts
and adipocytes, leading to fibrosis and intramuscular fatty infiltration. Thus, FAPs play a dual role in muscle regeneration, either by
sustaining MuSC turnover and promoting tissue repair or contributing to fibrotic scar formation and ectopic fat infiltrates, which
compromise the integrity and function of the skeletal muscle tissue. A proper purification of FAPs and MuSCs is a prerequisite for
understanding the biological role of these cells in physiological as well

October 2019 VOL. 47, NO. 10 UrologyTimes.com Expert clinical analysis. Practice advice. Policy perspectives.

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Stone recurrence: What
practitioners should know

Q&A

Juan Calle, MD

Management of stone recurrence presents a valuable
opportunity for clinicians to help prevent stone patients
from suffering additional attacks. In this interview,
Juan Calle, MD, discusses how he follows patients
once they are stone free, dietary/lifestyle modifi-
cation and medical management, and advice
for young urologists looking to become
experts in stone recurrence.

For the full article, please turn to page 37

How has urologists’
management of BPH
patients changed?
Is TURP still the gold standard for treatment
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Times asked randomly selected urologists
how their management of BPH has changed
in recent years.

KIDNEY STONES

For their responses, please turn to page 44

BPHSpeak Out Inside

SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION

Cell-based therapies may eventually be used
to modify ED, other diseases, but not yet

Stem cells pose risk,
offer promise

Patients with urologic conditions
have easy access to stem cell ther-
apy options offered by a spectrum
of providers at locations that vary

from strip mall clinics to academic centers.
But while there’s hope that cell-based ther-

apies might not only treat symptoms but also
modify diseases, including erectile dysfunction,

the scientific evidence to show therapies using any
stem cells work and don’t cause harm is lacking.

The FDA warns that unapproved stem cell therapies
can be harmful and may be illegal and unproven (bit.ly/

FDAstemcell). The agency has tried to regulate stem cell
clinics as part of a comprehensive move to oversee regen-
erative medicine products. In May, for example, the FDA
announced it was seeking permanent injunctions to stop
Cell Clinic of Sunrise, FL, and California Stem Cell Treat-
ment Center, with locations throughout the state, to stop
marketing stem cell products without FDA approval and for
deviating from good manufacturing practice requirements.

Providers at the California clinic were injecting cancer
patients’ tumors with stem cells from their fat.

“The product was then administered to cancer patients
with potentially compromised immune systems and for
whom the vaccine posed a potential for harm, including
the possi

42 antiaging
DermatologyTimes®June 2020

Quick TAKES

More research is needed to clarify that role of stem
cell factor in development of common benign
and malignant conditions.

Researchers found that stem cell factor was
positively expressed in all melasma, solar
lentigines and freckled lesions.

Stem cell factor plays an
important role in the development
hyperpigmentation disorders.

Stem cell factor plays role
in hyperpigmented skin
LISETTE HILTON | Staff Correspondent

S tem cell factor, a growth factor critical for
melanocyte survival, plays an import-
ant role in the development of benign and
malignant skin hyperpigmentation dis-

orders. More research is needed to look at tar-
geting stem cell factor inhibition as a way to treat
skin lesions from melasma to melanoma, accord-
ing to an article published December 2019 in the
Asian-Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.1

Stem cell factor binds to the receptor tyrosine
kinase and is expressed by the body’s fibroblasts
and endothelial cells, promoting melanocyte dif-
ferentiation proliferation, migration and survival,
according to the authors.

“The interaction of stem cell factor with its
receptor, c-kit, is well known to be crucial for the
survival of melanocytes,” the researchers write.
But little is known about the role of stem cell fac-
tor/c-kit interaction in epidermal pigmentation,
according to the paper.

These researchers studied stem cell factor
expression in benign and malignant pigmented
lesions to determine the growth factor’s role in
pathogenesis and potential use as a therapeutic
target.

They studied stem cell factor expression in
60 patients with benign hyperpigmented lesions,
including 20 with melasma, 20 with solar lentigines
and 20 with freckles. They also studied 36 patients

with hyperpigmented skin cancers, including 14
with basal cell carcinoma, 12 with squamous cell
carcinoma and 10 who had malignant melanoma.

They found stem cell factor was positively
expressed in all melasma, solar lentigines and
freckled lesions.

More specifically, immunohistochemical test-
ing revealed significantly higher stem cell factor
expression in melasma lesions than in perile-
sional skin. They found moderate expression in
60% and strong expression in 40% of melasma
cases in melasma lesions. While there was only
weak expression in 100% of melasma cases in
perilesional areas.

The intensity of stem cell factor expression
in lentigines lesions was weak in 10%, moderate
in 30% and strong in 60% of cases, while perile-
sional areas in those cases had no stem cell factor
expression in 20% of patients and weak expres-
sion in 80%.

Stem cell factor expression intensity was
increased in the lesional parts of freckles cases,
with weak expression in 20% of patients, moder-
ate in 30% and strong expre

researchupdate
H E A T H E R B U S C H M A N , P H D

16 | PN March 2020

Stroke Drug Boosts
Stem Cell Therapy
Four months after treating his
rats, Yasuhiro Shiga, MD, PhD, checked
on them.

Walking into the lab, Shiga, a visit-
ing scholar at the University of Califor-
nia (UC) San Diego School of Medicine
in San Diego, carried minimal expecta-
tions. Treating spinal-cord injuries (SCI)
with stem cells had been tried by many
people, many times before, with modest
success at best.

The endpoint he was specifically
there to measure — pain levels —
hadn’t seemed to budge in past efforts.

“Well, it doesn’t seem to be work-
ing. I don’t see any real change in pain
behavior in any of the groups,” Shiga
recalls saying, apologetically, as he
walked into the office of his supervisor,
Wendy Campana, PhD, professor in the
Department of Anesthesiology and Pro-
gram in Neuroscience. But to Campa-
na’s surprise, Shiga continued, almost
as an after-thought, “although … some
rats are actually really moving.”

The difference for those rats was
this: Before delivering them into the SCI
site, Shiga and Campana had condi-
tioned stem cells with a modified form
of tissue-type plasminogen activator
(tPA), a drug commonly used to treat
nonhemorrhagic stroke.

Their findings were published Dec.
17 in Scientific Reports.

Big Improvements
The drug tPA is used to break up blood
clots, allowing blood to more freely flow
back into the brain following a stroke.

But tPA is also a naturally occurring
enzyme known to boost neuron growth
and dampen inflammation.

So the researchers used an enzy-
matically inactive form of tPA, still anti-
inflammatory and pro-neuron growth
but without effects on blood clotting,

which could be a dangerous side effect
in a person not having a stroke.

In a laboratory dish, the research-
ers added the modified tPA to neural
progenitor cells — the precursors to

neurons. They had generated these pre-
neurons from induced pluripotent stem
cells, a special kind of stem cell that can
be derived from a person’s skin cells.

After 15 minutes, the researchers
transferred either tPA-conditioned or
unconditioned neural progenitor cells to
the injury site in a rat model of severe SCI.

Two months after treatment, the
researchers found 2.5-fold more tPA-
conditioned neural progenitor cells
than unconditioned cells still present
in the rats. What’s more, the tPA-con-
ditioned cells had begun specializing
into full-fledged neurons, with axons
(branches) emerging from the site of
transplantation and extending as far
as four vertebrae away. According to
Campana, that’s unusual.

“It was striking to see at two and
four months the tremendous improve-
ments in the ability of those progenitor
cells to survive in the injury cavity,” she
says. “Just keeping

Oyat et al. BMC Psychology (2022) 10:284
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00998-z

RESEARCH

The psychological impact, risk factors
and coping strategies to COVID-19 pandemic
on healthcare workers in the sub-Saharan Africa:
a narrative review of existing literature
Freddy Wathum Drinkwater Oyat1, Johnson Nyeko Oloya1,2, Pamela Atim1,3, Eric Nzirakaindi Ikoona4,
Judith Aloyo1,5 and David Lagoro Kitara1,6,7*

Abstract

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the physical and mental health of the
general population worldwide, with healthcare workers at particular risk. The pandemic’s effect on healthcare workers’
mental well-being has been characterized by depression, anxiety, work-related stress, sleep disturbances, and post-
traumatic stress disorder. Hence, protecting the mental well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs) is a considerable
priority. This review aimed to determine risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes and protective or coping
measures to mitigate the harmful effects of the COVID-19 crisis among HCWs in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: We performed a literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Embase for
relevant materials. We obtained all articles published between March 2020 and April 2022 relevant to the subject of
review and met pre-defined eligibility criteria. We selected 23 articles for initial screening and included 12 in the final
review.

Result: A total of 5,323 participants in twelve studies, predominantly from Ethiopia (eight studies), one from Uganda,
Cameroon, Mali, and Togo, fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Investigators found 16.3–71.9% of HCWs with depressive
symptoms, 21.9–73.5% with anxiety symptoms, 15.5–63.7% experienced work-related stress symptoms, 12.4–77%
experienced sleep disturbances, and 51.6–56.8% reported PTSD symptoms. Healthcare workers, working in emer-
gency, intensive care units, pharmacies, and laboratories were at higher risk of adverse mental health impacts. HCWs
had deep fear, anxious and stressed with the high transmission rate of the virus, high death rates, and lived in fear of
infecting themselves and families. Other sources of fear and work-related stress were the lack of PPEs, availability of
treatment and vaccines to protect themselves against the virus. HCWs faced stigma, abuse, financial problems, and
lack of support from employers and communities.

Conclusion: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD in HCWs in sub-Saharan Africa during the
COVID-19 pandemic has been high. Several organizational, community, and work-related challenges and interven-
tions were identified, including improvement of workplace infrastructures, adoption of correct and shared infection

CASE REPORT

Corresponding Author: E. Karaoz

Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey

Tel: +902129998099, Fax: +728188291209, E-mail address: [email protected]

Copyright © 2022 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited

A Case of Non-Progressive Congenital Myopathy: Efficacy and Clinical

Outcomes of the Wharton’s Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell

Transplantation

Riza Azeri1,2, Eda Sun3,4, Erdal Karaoz3,4,5

1 Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

2 Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey

3 Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey

4 Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey

5 Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Received: 12 Aug. 2021; Accepted: 14 Mar. 2022

Abstract- Non-Progressive Congenital Myopathy is a disease characterized by muscle weakness, and

unfortunately, there is no conventional treatment. In the last decade, regenerative medicine practices have

become a rising value, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have fascinating outcomes in regenerative

medicine with their high regenerative capacities, their ability to regulate with paracrine secretions, and their

immunological properties. Based on our experience in our previous clinical studies, Wharton’s-Jelly-derived

(WJ-)MSCs are the most suitable source for muscle diseases among all MSC sources. In this study, we

evaluated the outcomes of 10 doses of WJ-MSC transplantation to the patient diagnosed with Non-Progressive

Congenital Myopathy. A 17-year-old female with a SPEN-1 mutation, Non-Progressive Congenital Myopathy

patient received 10 times as 1×10⁶ /kg in the intra-arterial, intramuscular and intravenous administration of

allogenic WJ-MSC. Before and after the treatment, the patient was followed-up with the upper extremity scale,

Vignos lower extremity scale, muscle strength scale, functional independence measure, and evaluation of

Serum creatine kinase (CK) levels. Improvement in both upper extremity sca

Findings in the Area of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reported
from Beijing Hospital (Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal
Stem Cell-derived Conditioned Medium Promotes Human
Endometrial Cell Proliferation Through Wnt/beta-catenin
Signaling).
Date: Nov. 17, 2022
From: Women’s Health Weekly
Publisher: NewsRX LLC
Document Type: Report
Length: 542 words

Full Text:
2022 NOV 17 (NewsRx) — By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women’s Health Weekly — Investigators publish new report on
Stem Cell Research – Mesenchymal Stem Cells. According to news reporting from Beijing, People’s Republic of China, by NewsRx
journalists, research stated, “Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivant are among the promising treatments for intrauterine
adhesion (IUA); they have been reported to repair the endometrial injury by proliferating endometrial cells. However, the signal
pathways involved are not clear.”

Financial support for this research came from Beijing Dongcheng Department of Science, Technology.

The news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from Beijing Hospital, “This study investigated the role of human
umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (hUCMSC-CM) in relieving IUA to find out whether Wnt/beta-
catenin signaling was involved, and if so, to determine the possible ligands. After endometrial epit

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