Research

*

• Inductive approach involving a systematic set of procedures to arrive at a theory about basic social processes
• Widely used by social scientists, largely because it describes a research approach to construct theory where no theory

  a. Read the posted article above.

  b. Refer to Chapter 6 pages 120 to121  of your assigned textbook for more guidance. 

  c. Respond to the questions below by reviewing the article and identifying those elements (state the page number you found the element). If you indicate you support the researcher use of the element, make sure your findings are with literature (eg. you can reference your textbook where it says that element is important in qualitative research). 

  Your critique responses should reflect the following:
  1. What type of qualitative approach did the researcher use?
  2. what type of sampling method did the researcher use? Is it appropriate for the study?
  3. Was the data collection focused on human experiences?
  4. Was issues of protection of human subjects addressed?
  5. Did the researcher describe data saturation?
  6. What procedure for collecting data did the researcher use?
  7. What strategies did the researcher use to analyze the data?
  8. Does the researcher address credibility (can you appreciate the truth of the patient’s experience), auditability (can you follow the researcher’s thinking, does the research document the research process) and fittingness are the results meaningful, is analysis strategy compatible with the purpose of the study) of the data?

  9.  What is your cosmic question? (This is a question you ask your peers to respond to based on the chapter discussed in class this week i.e. Qualitative studies).

  1

  EDITORIAL

  Articulating Your Philosophy of Nursing

  As the profession of nursing is dealing with rapid
  changes in knowledge and practice, the specialty of
  school nursing is attempting to articulate its value in
  the educational setting. Both the profession and spe-
  cialty are maturing, and along with this natural pro-
  cess, nurses are clarifying their roles and scope of prac-
  tice. As nurses examine their practice, they also are
  questioning what is fundamentally important to them
  as nurses and as individuals-their values and beliefs.
  This has become particularly critical as more and more
  nurses in all settings are finding that changing de-
  mands and expectations of the role are greater than
  the resources or number of hours in the day to accom-
  plish what nurses would define as quality nursing
  care. Such demands are pushing nurses to examine
  their values and what drew them to the profession of
  nursing in search of balance and meaning in the work
  setting.
  One strategy nurses can use to affirm that their

  practice is in harmony with their value system is to
  write a personal philosophy statement. This might be
  general in nature, such as a philosophy that relates to
  life values; it could be a philosophy statement related
  to beliefs about the profession of nursing; or it might
  be a philosophy specific to school nursing. In each
  case, this activity will encourage nurses to clarify their
  values and then examine how their philosophy fits
  with their professional practice. Articulating a philos-
  ophy statement is an intellectual activity that requires
  careful thought, because values need to be identified,
  clarified, and prioritized. Once these values are iden-
  tified, putting them together into a short, cohesive
  statement is a challenging process (Chitty, 2001).

  The first part of the process is identifying general
  values-values related to the nature of humankind
  and society. These are the core values held by an in-
  dividual, which are few in number but may evolve as
  individuals mature and society changes. Examples of
  these core values may relate to the dignity of man, the
  sanctity of life, or values that give direction to our
  journey of life. Personal values are influenced by fam-
  ily, culture, religious orientation, education, and the
  choice of one’s life work. All of these factors contrib-
  ute to who we are, what we believe, and more impor-
  tantly, how we act.

  Next, values that relate to the profession of nursing
  are delineated. Ideas may come from the American
  Nurses’ Association’s code for nurses (American Nurs-
  es’ Association, 1985) or the Standards o f Professional
  School Nursing Practice (National Association of School
  Nurses, 1998) and may include such themes as caring,
  confidentiality, integrity, accountability, competence,
  and improving the quality of care. Other important
  values of the nursing profession are altruism, ethics,
  and professionalism. In addition

  28 American Nurse Journal Volume 15, Number 6 MyAmericanNurse.com

  ALL NURSES are expected to understand and
  apply evidence to their professional practice.
  Some of the evidence should be in the form
  of research, which fills gaps in knowledge,
  developing and expanding on current under-
  standing. Both quantitative and qualitative re-
  search methods inform nursing practice, but
  quantitative research tends to be more empha-
  sized. In addition, many nurses don’t feel
  comfortable conducting or evaluating qualita-
  tive research. But once you understand quali-
  tative research, you can more easily apply it to
  your nursing practice.

  What is qualitative research?
  Defining qualitative research can be challeng-
  ing. In fact, some authors suggest that provid-
  ing a simple definition is contrary to the
  method’s philosophy. Qualitative research ap-
  proaches a phenomenon, such as a clinical
  problem, from a place of unknowing and at-
  tempts to understand its many facets. This
  makes qualitative research particularly useful
  when little is known about a phenomenon
  because the research helps identify key con-

  Introduction to
  qualitative

  nursing
  research

  This type of research
  can reveal important

  information that
  quantitative

  research can’t.

  By Jennifer Chicca, MS, RN, CNE, CNE-cl

  STRICTLY CLINICAL RESEARCH 101

  MyAmericanNurse.com June 2020 American Nurse Journal 29

  cepts and constructs. Qualitative research sets
  the foundation for future quantitative or qualita-
  tive research. Qualitative research also can stand
  alone without quantitative research.

  Although qualitative research is diverse,
  certain characteristics—holism, subjectivity,
  intersubjectivity, and situated contexts—guide
  its methodology. This type of research stresses
  the importance of studying each individual as
  a holistic system (holism) influenced by sur-
  roundings (situated contexts); each person de-
  velops his or her own subjective world (sub-
  jectivity) that’s influenced by interactions with
  others (intersubjectivity) and surroundings (sit-
  uated contexts). Think of it this way: Each
  person experiences and interprets the world
  differently based on many factors, including
  his or her history and interactions. The truth is
  a composite of realities.

  Qualitative research designs
  Because qualitative research explores diverse
  topics and examines phenomena where little
  is known, designs and methodologies vary.
  Despite this variation, most qualitative re-
  search designs are emergent and holistic. In
  addition, they require merging data collection

  

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