Please Highlight the correct answers as attached
Overview of Evidence-based
Practice and the Research Process
What is EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE?
A systematic review of critical appraisal and synthesis of the most relevant research.
Clinical Expertise
Patient Preferences and Values
Initiatives to Advance EBP
To Err is Human: Institute of Medicine (IOM): Building a Safer Health System
Initiatives driving the movement
IOM’s goal: By 2020, 90% health care will be evidence-based
US Preventive Services Task Force (sponsored by AHRQ): analyzing evidence and publishing guidelines (Guide to Preventive Clinical Services)
Magnet Recognition Program (ANA): mandate nursing research and use of EBP
Goal of EBP
OPTIMUM PATIENT OUTCOMES
Once you begin to look for
evidence-based projects,
you’ll start to see them everywhere!
SOURCES OF EVIDENCE
Research Findings
Agency quality monitoring data
Data from national databases
Expert opinions
Scientific principles
Research prOCESS
Conducting Research:
Steps of the Research Process
1. Identify issue or question
2. Formulate research question
3. Review the literature
If further research is needed:
4. Determine theoretical framework
5. Design the study
6. Select the sample
7. Collect data
8. Analyze data
9. Interpret results
If indicated, change practice!
Step ONE: Identify issue
Step Two: formulate Research Question
Conducting Research: Formulating the research question
Research Questions (quantitative):
Identify the target population
State an intervention or treatment (independent variable)
List the variables to be measured/outcomes (dependent variables)
Sample Research Question
Do pediatric patients who are given a
reward when they cooperat
Please highlight the correct answers
1. Your data results are 2, 14, 6, 8, 10, 4, 12, 8.
a) What is the mean?
b) What is the median?
c) What is the mode?
2. A researcher asks hospitalized patients about their comfort in a new type of gown. This is an example of what type of data? a) ratio b) independent c) quantitative d) qualitative.
3. If a researcher is examining how exposure to cigarette ads affects smoking behavior, cigarette ads are what type of variable? a) qualitative b) quantitative c) dependent d)independent.
4. A research nurse is coding according to size. BMI is coded by 1: below average 2: average 3: above average. What level of measurement is this? a) nominal b) ratio c)ordinal d)interval.
5. A study is completed to examine the relationship between gender and sports participation. It was conducted randomly surveying ninth graders.
a) What level of measure is gender?
b) Write a null hypothesis for this study.
c) If the p value is < 0.005, do you accept or reject the null hypothesis?
Case Study I
Dr. Intellectual conducted a study to measure if a telephone intervention by nurses (nurses calling patients after discharge) reduces readmissions within 30 days of discharge. All discharged patients were called within 48 hours of discharge, between June 1 and August 1, to discuss compliance with discharge instructions.
1. What type of research is this?
a. qualitative
b. quantitative
2. Which type of design is this?
a. descriptive
b. correlational
c. quasi-experimental
d. experimental
e. phenomenological
f. ethnography
g. historical
h. grounded theory
3. Which type of design is this?
a. cross-sectional
b. longitudinal
c. retrospective
4. What is the target population?
a. all patients at this hospital
b. all discharged patients at this hospital
c. all discharged patients discharged from this hospital between June 1 and August 1
d. all discharged patients at all hospitals
5. Identify the independent variable
a. telephone calls
b. readmissions
c. 48 hours post discharge
d. compliance with discharge instructions
6. What level of measurement is the independent variable?
a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio
7. Identify the dependent variable.
a. telephone calls
b. readmissions
c. 48 hours post discharge
d. compliance with discharge instructions
8. What level of measurement is the dependent variable?
a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio
Patients were asked 10 questions: if they knew their discharge instructions, if they
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