Step 1 Because of a lack of time, you will not be able to fully implement your change project. However, consider how you would implement the project and how you would measure the results. In two- to three pages, discuss the following:

  1. Implementation
    1. Who needs to be involved in the change process?
    2. Who has to approve the change?
    3. How does the plan get communicated to those affected by the change?
    4. Step-by-step process to implement the change from beginning to end (more detail than perhaps what was provided in the change theory discussion).
  2. Measuring results
    1. How will results be measured or data collected (survey, observation)?
    2. Validity/reliability of the pre- and post-assessment tool used for measuring intervention.
    3. What will you do with the results?

Running head: GUIDED IMAGERY AND PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION

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Change Project

Amisadai Mederos

Denver College of Nursing

NUR445: Capstone

Sharon Bator

December 6, 2021


Change Project

Background

An interview with the nurse director, Aleycia, revealed vital information regarding the change project. Patients above 50 years of age are at a higher risk of falls compared to younger individuals. It is because they do not metabolize anesthesia faster like younger people. Medications take a longer time to leave the system. Generally, individuals under anesthesia within the first 24 hours are at a high risk of falls. The JHFRAT has been effective in reducing falls in the hospital. Aleycia suggests more education for nurses and the implementation of new alarms that are specific for every room to help nurses get to the rooms faster.

Research Question

Are geriatrics who have gone under anesthesia and are receiving pain medication compared with those without receiving anesthesia and pain medication at a higher risk for falls over the first 48 hours after surgery?

Literature Review

(Daoust et al., 2018) examines the risk of falls of older adults under opioid use. The article includes patients above 65 years. The results show that opioid use results in a greater risk of falls for older patients, which leads to injury or death among the patients (Daoust et al., 2018). The article by (Mazur et al., 2016) includes patients above 79 years. Patients’ advanced age and delirium history are associated with higher fall risk. Also, patients having a higher BMI are at a lower risk of geriatric falls. According to (Wu et al., 2021), polypharmacy is associated with delirium and geriatric falls. Patients hospitalized due to fall injuries currently use BZDs (Yu et al., 2017)). Therefore, anesthesia medication is associated with the risk of geriatric falls.

Stages of Project Implementation

The first step in Lewin’s change theory is unfreezing, where the problem is identified. Communication is required to ensure the problem is well known and the need for change is established. The second step would be to implement change in the system and implement a system where the alarms are identifiable for each room. Finally, the refreezing process involves the identification of any potential errors and ensuring nurses understand the system.

References

Daoust, R., Paquet, J., Moore, L., Emond, M., Gosselin, S., Lavigne, G., Choiniere, M., Boulanger, A., Mac-Thiong, J. M., & Chauny, J