Ebp group work 222

Nursing Inquiry. 2021;00:e12413. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/nin  | 1 of 10
https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12413

© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

1  |  INTRODUC TION

Global nursing and healthcare workforce shortages, increased de-
mands on healthcare systems and growing healthcare expenditure
have resulted in a focus on the development of strategies to pro-
vide cost- effective health care (All- Party Parliamentary Group on
Global Health (APPG), 2016; National Health and Hospital Reform
Commission (NHHRC), 2009). As part of these strategies, skill mix
and nurse staffing are manipulated to reduce costs and provide qual-
ity care to patients (Aiken et al., 2013; Jacob et al., 2015; NHHRC,
2009). Adding to this, the COVID 19 pandemic has placed further
strain on the healthcare system resulting in the need to build surge
workforce capacity to meet the needs of patients (Al Mutair et al.,
2020; Marshall et al., 2020). Healthcare organisations have been
required to reframe the delivery of patient care examining options
to augment and extend the nursing and healthcare workforce. A

common strategy is a tiered healthcare team approach to patient
care delivery based on the idea of experienced staff supervising
less experienced or lower trained staff members working together
to meet the patients’ needs (Al Mutair et al., 2020; Marshall et al.,
2020). This may occur in situations where tasks traditionally per-
formed by one worker are shifted to another worker (APPG, 2016).

Prior to the pandemic, pressures on healthcare systems interna-
tionally had increased the reliance on the use of unregulated nursing
assistant (NA) roles in the acute hospital setting (Aiken et al., 2016;
Blay & Roche, 2020; Duffield et al., 2014; Kalisch, 2011). To meet
pandemic surge workforce demands, healthcare teams may be addi-
tionally augmented with reassigned or redeployed staff with trans-
ferable skills, healthcare staff re- entering the hospital workforce,
final year students in nursing, medical and allied health courses and
NA roles (Al Mutair et al., 2020). It is imperative when working in
the multi- skilled/ multi- tiered nursing workforce environment that

Received: 8 April 2020  | Revised: 3 March 2021  | Accepted: 12 March 2021
DOI: 10.1111/nin.12413

F E A T U R E A R T I C L E

Transparent teamwork: The practice of supervision and
delegation within the multi- tiered nursing team

Felicity Ann Walker1,2  | Madeleine Ball2,3 | Sonja Cleary2 | Heather Pisani2

1Faculty of Health, Southern Cross
University, Bilinga, QLD, Australia
2School of Health & Biomedical Sciences,
RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic.,
Australia
3School of Health Sciences, University of
Tasmania, Melbourne, Vic., Australia

Correspondence
Felicity Walker, Faculty of Health,
Southern Cross University, Gold Coast
Campus, Southern Cros

J Nurs Manag. 2018;1–8. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jonm  |  1© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Accepted: 1 October 2017

DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12582

O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E

Nursing teamwork in a health system: A multisite study

Jennifer A. Kaiser PhD, MSN, RN, CNE, Senior Nurse Researcher1  | Judith B. Westers
MSN, BSN, RN, Director of Pediatric Services2

1Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
2Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, Grand
Rapids, MI, USA

Correspondence
Jennifer Kaiser, Spectrum Health, Grand
Rapids, MI, USA.
Email: [email protected]

Funding information
This research did not receive any specific
grant from funding agencies in the public,
commercial, or not- for- profit sectors.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine how the facets of teamwork exist among
nurse- only teams in acute and continuing care settings.
Background: The health care ‘team’ conventionally describes the interdisciplinary team
in both literature and practice. Nursing- specific teams are rarely considered in the
literature. An examination of this specific professional cohort is important to under-
stand how teamwork exists among those who provide the majority of patient care.
Method: This was a descriptive, comparative, cross- sectional study using the Nursing
Teamwork Survey to measure teamwork of nursing- based teams among 1414 partici-
pants in multiple acute care environments across a large Midwestern health system.
Results: The characteristics of nursing teams were analysed. The results from the sub-
scales within the teamwork model showed that nursing teams had a good understand-
ing of the various roles and responsibilities. However, nurse team members held a
more individualistic rather than collective team- oriented mindset.
Conclusions and Implications for Nursing Management: Increased teamwork has a
positive effect on job satisfaction, staffing efficiencies, retention and care delivery.
Nurse leaders can use the information provided in this study to target the aspects of
highly functioning teams by improving team orientation, trust and backup
behaviours.

K E Y W O R D S

nursing, team, teamwork

1  | AIM

The aim of this study was to examine how the facets of teamwork
exist among nurse- only teams in acute and continuing care settings.
The facets of nursing teams were explored using a similar conceptual
framework to those widely examined in the literature. The principal
objective was to determine how acute care nursing teams align with
the standards of highly effective teams in other professional domains.
Additional questions to be answered included:

(1) What is the average level of nursing teamwork based on the
character

Student Name:

EBP Journal Article in APA format:

Walker, F. A., Ball, M., Cleary, S., & Pisani, H. (2021). Transparent teamwork: The practice of supervision and delegation within the multi‐tiered nursing team.
Nursing Inquiry,
28(4), 1-10. https://doi.org.resu.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/nin.12413

Is this an Evidence Based Article? Name of Journal and Year article was written?	Yes/No Name of Journal: Nursing Inquiry Year: 2021	.2 points
State the problem What was the goal of the project in the article? Does this project correlate with your problem? State how? What are you trying to achieve? Does this article support this goal?	Problem: The problem is how supervision and delegation of a NA position are practiced in a multi-tier nursing team. Goal: To promote the development of transparent nursing practices and mutual understanding in the multi-tier nursing team to facilitate effective supervision and delegation based on informed decision-making and a culture of openness and trust. State how this article correlates with your group problem and goal. The article correlates with the problem and goal because it discusses how to enhance teamwork across care provider levels. It outlines how transparent nursing practices can lead to effective supervision and delegation, leading to high-quality patient care. The article shows how effective communication between RNs and NAs, can lead to teamwork, which is what our group project is aiming for. Our goal is to propose a plan to enhance teamwork between the RNs and PCTs on a med/surg unit and that correlates with the article.	.2 points
Strengths (Internal) What’s was good about your article?	Why was this project successful? Participants: It was successful because it included NA, nurses and nursing leaders who were policymakers, managers, supervisors, and educators whom all supported the study. Participants had to have direct involvement in the development or implementation of the NA model, worked directly with a NA, or worked in the role of a NA and they were to reflect the stakeholder population. The participants were familiar with the organization’s objectives and policies due to 1+ years of employment. Research Methods: Data was collected through individual interviews, focus groups, and documentary evidence. Interview and focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and for the interviews, participants Student Name: EBP Journal Article in APA format: Kaiser, J. A., & Westers, J. B. (2018). Nursing teamwork in a health system: A multisite study. Journal of Nursing Management, 26(5), 555–562. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12582 Is this an Evidence-Based Article? Name of Journal and Year article was written? Yes Name of Journal: Journal of Nursing Management Year: 2018 .2 points State the problem What was the goal of the project in the article? Does this project correlate with your problem? State how? What are you trying to achieve? Does this article support this goal? Problem: A manager of a medical-surgical unit has seen and had a lot of complaints concerning the lack of teamwork between the registered nurses and the patient care techs; hence necessary measures need to be taken in order to promote teamwork in that unit. Goal: The goal of the project was to investigate the way different features of teamwork exist among nurse-only teams in acute and continuing health care settings. This article correlates with our group problem, which is the lack of teamwork between registered nurses and the patient care techs since it outlines the key elements required in order to promote effective teamwork in a health care setting. This article provides great insights on how teamwork can be enhanced in healthcare by focusing on the” Salas’ Big Five” model of teamwork. This model is centered on various teamwork behaviors and provides a practical explanation of the dynamics of teamwork. According to the framework, necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes are needed to promote teamwork. Salas holds that highly effective teams must regularly demonstrate certain knowledge, skills and attitudes, which can also help in dealing with the issue in the medical surgical unit. Based on the article, teamwork between the registered nurses and the patient care techs can be enhanced by having a clear and common purpose, compensating for each other and consistently providing feedback to each other. Other ways of promoting teamwork among the two parties include reallocation of functions, valuing team goals rather than individual goals, anticipating one another’s actions and needs and strongly believing in the team’s collective capability to succeed. .2 points Strengths (Internal) What’s was good about your article? The nursing teamwork survey, which was utilized in m Student Name: EBP Journal Article in APA format: Ballangrud, R., Aase, K., & Vifladt, A. (2020). Longitudinal team training programme in a Norwegian surgical ward: a qualitative study of nurses’ and physicians’ experiences with teamwork skills. BMJ open, 10(7), e035432. Is this an Evidence Based Article? Name of Journal and Year article was written? Yes Name of Journal: A qualitative study of nurses’ and physicians’ experiences with teamwork skills Year: 2019 .2 points State the problem What was the goal of the project in the article? Does this project correlate with your problem? State how? What are you trying to achieve? Does this article support this goal? Problem: There is uncertainty in determining the impact of teamwork and interprofessional team training in enhancing continuity in provision of high-quality care in a complex medical setting such as surgical procedures and ward. Goal: The study aims at describing healthcare professionals’ experiences with teamwork during surgical process following an implementation of longitudinal interprofessional team training programmer. State how this article correlates with your group problem and goal. The article focuses on the impact of teamwork in complex clinical settings or backgrounds. This aligns with the group problem which is enhancing teamwork between the registered nurses and patient care techs. In both cases, there is analysis of teamwork and the impact it has in ensuring there is provision of high-quality care in complex medical units such as surgical units. .2 points Strengths (Internal) What’s was good about your article? Why was this project successful? The project was very successful in the approach used in collecting data from the participants of the study. There were three distinct stages to the analysis process: planning, execution, and reporting. The first two stages were conducted by RB and AV with help from KA, and the third stage was conducted by all three authors. During the pre-analysis phase, we treated each interview as a discrete unit of analysis and examined information from Time Points Zero, One, and Two independently. Each interview was read by all three authors multiple times to ensure familiarity with the data, and using the objectives and questions, the researchers lear  Improving Hand-off Report Student Names Team Name and First/Last Names of Participants Problem  Report (timing and hand off errors):  The unit manager of a medical surgical unit has observed that change of shift report takes greater than 45 minutes.  In addition, staff has complained that their peers do not include vital data (IV sites, dressing sites, DVT prevention measures….) in report leading to errors, leave patients in disarray, and leave tasks incomplete.  Our task is to propose a change that will address these issues.  Report (timing and hand off errors:  Unit managers observed that there was miscommunication between staff during shift report.  Often times leaving out important patient information as well as taking a significant amount of time to relay the information. Our goal it to offer a change that will address these issues.  Now here is our SWOT analysis starting off with Derrick talking about the strengths. Majka  “Communication failures compromise patient treatment, care quality, and safety. It also leads to medical errors, the third leading cause of deaths in the United States” (Ghosh, et all., 2015) “The varying parties and large amount of complex information included in patient handoff reports frequently contribute to informational gaps and omissions in the handoff report that can lead to sentinel events and patient hard” (Staggers & Blaz, 2013) “Research has identifed handovers as a risky time in the care process, when information may be lost, distorted or misinterpreted (Borowitz et al 2008, Owen et al. 2009, Philibert 2009) Report (timing and hand off errors):  The unit manager of a medical surgical unit has observed that change of shift report takes greater than 45 minutes.  In addition, staff has complained that their peers do not include vital data (IV sites, dressing sites, DVT prevention measures….) in report leading to errors, leave patients in disarray, and leave tasks incomplete.  Your task is to propose a change that will address these issues.  Increase of errors during patient hand-off report leading to missed information and incomplete tasks  Hand-off report time is taking a greater deal of time  Our task is to implement the use of SBAR as the standard hand-off report between shifts in order to reduce errors and decrease the time spent giving report.  2 SWOT Strengths: Multidepartment focus addressing handoff report problems(Robins et al., 2017) Solutions shorten time taken in report while increasing quantity of pertinent information. (Stewart & Hand, 2017) SBAR is supported by the Joint Commision (Stewart & Hand, 2017) Proven error reduction due to use of SBAR tool. (Stewart & Hand, 2017) SBAR ENHANCING TEAMWORK Tiffini Collier Kal Haile Omolola Adebisi j 2 Problem Report:  Enhancing teamwork across care provider levels: The manager of a medical-surgical unit has observed and had complaints about, lack of teamwork between the RN’s and the patient care techs (PCT’s).  Our task is to propose a plan to enhance teamwork on the unit Reference . 3 image3.jpeg image4.jpeg image5.emf image6.emf image7.emf Please check the Example of PowerPoint you were given in class and use it as a guide to create your own PowerPoint TOPIC; Enhancing teamwork across care provider levels:  The manager of a medical-surgical unit has observed and had complaints about, lack of teamwork between the RN’s and the patient care techs (PCT’s).  Your task is to propose a plan to enhance teamwork on the unit Please complete the PowerPoint I uploaded (Group PowerPoint ) ALL OF THIS SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE POWERPOINT · Problem · SWOT (Strength, weakness, opportunities, threats ) (pick each strength from each article and do the same for weakness, opportunities, and threats) · Assessment · Diagnosis · Smart goals · Full- Range leadership theory · Plan · Implementation Through: The Transtheoretical Model: Stages of Change · Evaluation · Implementation barriers · Question to think about · Reference NOTE: The PowerPoint must Consistently analyzes information, offers insight, and draws conclusions. -Scholarly work. – Writing, grammar, spelling, transitions, readability, and sentence structure are error-free. -Follows all requirements for the assignment. -Conveys well-rounded knowledge of the topic. -Well-organized. -Information flows in logical and interesting sequence. The PowerPoint are error-free, following APA format in the body of the PowerPoint and reference page. USE THIS FEEDBACK TO FIX YOUR POWERPOINT Your SWOT is in your analysis To fix the swot on your PowerPoint You need 3 strengths, 3 weaknesses, 3 opportunities, and 3 threats For example, Pick one strength, weakness, opportunity and threat from Analysis 1 Pick one strength, weakness, opportunity and threat from Analysis 2 Pick one strength, weakness, opportunity and threat from Analysis 3 In total, you will have 3 strengths, 3 weaknesses, 3 opportunities, and 3 threats in your PowerPoint slide (SWOT) Diagnosis: Review the exemplar. Look at the diagnosis again and add more in formation SMART Goal: Review the exemplar.  This a good example of a SMART goal: Use interprofessional training as an evidence-based practice to reduce complaints and improve delegation among RNS, LPN’s and PCTs by 50% within 2 months after interventions… Also, you skipped the FULL RANGE LEADERSHIP MODEL THEORY Please include this part in your PowerPoint (remember to use your article or analysis to explain how this pertain to your topic) The total slide should be (13) you only have (12) FIX THIS PART OF YOUR ANALYSIS TOO 3 Analysis overall feedback Good job on the analysis. For Strength, please add in your group discussion that you have an evidenced-based training program that was implemented and effective for increasing staff awareness and knowledge regarding teamwork skills. TEAMSTEPPS is a popular teamwork strategy (review it). 2 Analysis Overall Feedback The problem means the article problem, not the project problem. There is some good data on the impact of leadership styles and implications for nurse leaders. Consider this for your project. 1 Analysis Overall Feedback Good analysis overall. Review the problem statement as there is more data that can be added to this statement Why work with us? Authenticity: All of our papers are authentic, as each paper of ours is composed according to your unique requirements. Confidentiality: We value you data. Our company is extremely efficient in guarding the privacy of our clients. 100% Money Back Guarantee: In the event you cancel your order, you get your money back as soon as possible, we give a 100% refund. 24/7 Support: Our team members are available via email, live chat, and phone. Revision Policy: You can apply for a revision if you think your paper could be better. In this case, your paper will be revised either by the specialist assigned to you or by another writer. 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